Treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) may include the following:
Breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy with or without tamoxifen.
Total mastectomy with or without tamoxifen.
Breast-conserving surgery without radiation therapy.
Clinical trials testing breast-conserving surgery and tamoxifen with or without radiation therapy.
Treatment of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) may include the following:
Biopsy to diagnose the LCIS followed by regular examinations and regular mammograms to find any changes as early as possible. This is referred to as observation.
Tamoxifen to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer.
Bilateral prophylactic mastectomy. This treatment choice is sometimes used in women who have a high risk of getting breast cancer. Most surgeons believe that this is a more aggressive treatment than is needed.
Clinical trials testing cancer prevention drugs.
Treatment of stage I, stage II, stage IIIA , and operable stage IIIC breast cancer may include the following:
Breast-conserving surgery to remove only the cancer and some surrounding breast tissue, followed by lymph node dissection and radiation therapy.
Modified radical mastectomy with or without breast reconstruction surgery.
A clinical trial evaluating sentinel lymph node biopsy followed by surgery.
Adjuvant therapy (treatment given after surgery to increase the chances of a cure) may include the following:
Radiation therapy to the lymph nodes near the breast and to the chest wall after a modified radical mastectomy.
Systemic chemotherapy with or without hormone therapy.
Hormone therapy.
A clinical trial of trastuzumab (Herceptin) combined with systemic chemotherapy.
Treatment of stage IIIB and inoperable stage IIIC breast cancer may include the following:
Systemic chemotherapy.
Systemic chemotherapy followed by surgery (breast-conserving surgery or total mastectomy), with lymph node dissection followed by radiation therapy. Additional systemic therapy (chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or both) may be given.
Clinical trials testing new anticancer drugs, new drug combinations, and new ways of giving treatment.
Treatment of stage IV or metastatic breast cancer may include the following:
Hormone therapy and/or systemic chemotherapy with or without trastuzumab (Herceptin).
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy with lapatinib combined with capecitabine.
Radiation therapy and/or surgery for relief of pain and other symptoms.
Bisphosphonate drugs to reduce bone disease and pain when cancer has spread to the bone.
Clinical trials testing new systemic chemotherapy and/or hormone therapy.
Clinical trials of new combinations of trastuzumab (Herceptin) with anticancer drugs.
Clinical trials of new combinations of lapatinib with anticancer drugs.
Clinical trials testing other approaches, including high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplant.
